[blog] new series on the HP 3562A

Tue, 03 Jan 2017 18:21:20 +0100

author
David Douard <david.douard@logilab.fr>
date
Tue, 03 Jan 2017 18:21:20 +0100
changeset 71
76d5c4108e51
parent 70
b027bc447b57
child 72
9296d8c2339a

[blog] new series on the HP 3562A

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--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/content/hp3562a.rst	Tue Jan 03 18:21:20 2017 +0100
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+=================================
+ HP3562A Dynamic Signal Analyzer
+=================================
+
+:Author: David Douard
+:Category: Electronics
+:Tags: HP3562A, repair, test equipment, DSA
+:series: HP 3562A
+:series_index: 1
+
+One of my old test gears waiting for my attention in the cellar was a
+HP 3562A Dynamic Signal Analyzer. Back then I bought this device
+mainly for doing audio analysis (I was building my HiFi system, mostly
+based on Nelson Pass' schematics), mainly to display spectrum
+responses and compute THD and so.
+
+I did not reall know what this test equipment is capable of. But `Dave
+Jones's video #528`_ (and several wonderful videos on `w2aew's
+channel`_) gave me the desire of playing a bit more with this old but
+very impressive HP3562A.
+
+.. _`Dave Jones's video #528`: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y0jkPLuFdnM&t=1876s
+.. _`w2aew's channel`: https://www.youtube.com/user/w2aew
+
+
+Quick tour
+==========
+
+Here is the beast:
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/front.jpg
+
+I said the beast, because despite being an amazing piece of test
+equipment, it's also very big (576mm x 426mm x 222mm), very heavy
+(26kg) and... unfortunately quite loud.
+
+My version of the instrument is rather "recent", and manuals available
+on Keysight web site concern only the earliest models
+(ref. 03563-90210) and are of poor quality, with missing pages etc. So
+I bought the correct Service Manual (HP ref. 03562-90213) on ebay from
+`Artek Media`_.
+
+.. _`Artek Media`: http://www.artekmedia.com/
+
+Since it was on my "bench", I decided to see a bit inside, using the
+occasion to investigate and fix the only real problem I have (as far
+as I know) with my device: the dimm display.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/front_open.jpg
+
+The unit consist in mostly 4 parts:
+
+- a big switching power supply (with huge capacitors) on the left side
+  of the enclosure, under the display,
+
+- the display unit: a very nice HP1435A Digital Display; we'll discuss
+  it a bit more later,
+
+- the digital section consisting in 8 boards (rear right),
+
+- the analog section consisting in 6 boards (front right).
+
+  
+The general block diagram:
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_block_diagram_new.png
+   :alt: General block diagram of the HP3562A
+
+The instrument is built around 2 buses:
+
+- the control bus which allows the main CPU to control all the
+  assemblies, and
+
+- the global bus which is used to transfer measurement data between
+  assemblies.
+
+In the HP3562A, the process control is distributed away from the
+system CPU: each assembly has its own processor or state machine which
+controls its local operations. The main CPU tells each assembly which
+process to execute and monitors the overall functionning and data
+processing of the instrument.
+
+For the record, the block diagram from Service Manual 03562-90219
+looks like:
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/block_diagram.png
+   :alt: General block diagram of the HP3562A from earliest Service Manual
+
+	 
+Power Supply
+============
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a18_psu_block_diagram.png
+   :alt: Block diagram of the switching power supply unit
+
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a18_psu.jpg
+
+The primary capacitors are huge Sprague caps (1400µF 250V):
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/caps.jpg
+
+The power line filter is also pretty impressive:
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/filter.jpg
+
+The PSU generates:
+
+- 5V @30A (!)
+
+- +/- 30V
+
+- +/- 15V
+
+- +8V
+
+- +2.6V
+
+The switching chopper runs at 128kHz and is regulted on the 5V output
+rail by PWM of the primary transformer. All secondary voltages but the
+5V are generated by linear regulators.
+
+
+Next
+====
+
+In the `next part <{filename}hp3562a_2.rst>`_, we will describe the
+Digital Section of the instrument.
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/content/hp3562a_2.rst	Tue Jan 03 18:21:20 2017 +0100
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+==========================================
+ HP3562A Dynamic Signal Analyzer - Part 2
+==========================================
+
+:Author: David Douard
+:Category: Electronics
+:Tags: HP3562A, repair, test equipment, DSA
+:series: HP 3562A
+:series_index: 2
+
+This is the part 2 of the series about my
+`HP 3562A Digital Signal Analyzer <{filename}hp3562a.rst>`_,
+quickly describing the Digital Section of the instrument.
+
+
+Digital Section
+===============
+
+The unit is quite capable, since the main CPU is a 68000 (not exactly
+of small CPU for the time).
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/cpu.jpg
+
+The 8 boards are:
+
+- A1: Digital source and front-end interface (rev B, ref: 03562-66501) 
+- A2: CPU & GPIB controller (rev D, ref: 03562-66502)
+- A3: Memory (rev B, ref: 03562-66538)
+- A4: Local oscillator (rev C, ref: 03562-66504)
+- A5: Digital filter (rev B, ref: 03562-66505)
+- A6: Digital filter controller (rev D, ref: 03562-66506)
+- A7: Floating Point Processor (FPP) (rev B, ref: 03562-66507)
+- A9: FFT (rev B, ref: 03562-66509)
+
+The service manual also describes an A8 board with additional RAM, but
+my device does not have such a board. It looks to me that my version
+of the DSA has both extra ROM and RAM on the A3 memory board.
+
+
+Digital Source
+--------------
+
+.. Note:: The Service Manual available on the net lacks a few pages in
+          the Digital Source section, so I do not have details on the
+          Timing Control section.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a1_block_diagram.png
+   :alt: Block diagram of the A1 Digital Source Board
+
+This board is mainly responsible for generating the digital signals
+that are used as input for the source DAC. It generates all sort of
+noise figures, bursts, sweeps, and so on.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a1_digital_source.jpg
+
+The Timing Control section looks like:
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a1_timing_control_circuit.png
+   :alt: A1 Timing Control block diagram
+
+The Phase Resolution is used in external and internal triggered
+measurements, ensuring that the phase of a triggered measurement is
+accurate. Since the trigger moment does not always occur on a sample
+and hold edge, there is a time delay and phase error in the data.
+This phase resolution circuit counts the time between the samples and
+a trigger.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a1_phase_resolution_circuit.png
+   :alt: A1 Phase Resolution block diagram
+
+The Burst Control circuit controls the burst length and generates the
+pulse signal to the Local Oscillator (A4). It provides the gating
+signal that gates the analog source on and off during the burst and
+chirp modes.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a1_burst_control_circuit.png
+   :alt: A1 Burst Control block diagram
+
+
+Other parts of this board are the LO Input Receiver that synchronizes
+the local oscillator input data to the sample rate, the Multiplier
+that multiply the LO data by the noise and send it to the analog
+source, and the Noise Generator that produces binary random sequences
+that is used for band-limited random noise and burst noise signals.
+
+
+CPU
+---
+
+The processing unit is a MC68000. It aims at telling each assembly
+which process to execute and monitor the overall functionning and data
+processing of the instrument.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a2_block_diagram.png
+
+The main CPU board, with the beautiful MC68000P9 DIP64 package:
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a2_cpu.jpg
+
+It comes with 2 populated M5M256BP static ram chips (32k x 8bits), for
+the CPU, but seems to be capable of holding 4 more of them. The CPU
+runs at 8MHz.
+
+There is also some ROM, the main "boot loader" program. Unfortunately,
+neither of the ROM chips are mounted on sockets but are directly
+soldered on the PCBs, so I did not took the risk of damaging one of
+them by desoldering them for dumping their content.
+
+Most of the remaining of the circuit is to manage the global data bus,
+the system bus, the IRQs and the GPIB bus.
+
+The blue connector is for the GPIB connector.
+
+
+Memory
+------
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a38_memory.jpg
+
+This board is described as an "extension of the read only memory of
+the system CPU board" and read/write memory used by most of the other
+assemblies.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a38_memory_block_diagram.png
+
+The ROM section stores most programs for the HP 3562A except the
+startup routines (which are on the ROM ships of the A2 CPU
+bloard).
+
+The board allows flexibility in the number and type of ROM chipes
+used. ROM density is selected by placement of jumpers.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a38_rom_block_diagram.png
+
+
+The RAM section of the assembly consist of 4 32k by 8 bits static RAM
+chips as well as the arbitrer section which controls access requests
+to the global RAM from six devices (FFT, both Digital Filters,
+Display, FPP and the system CPU).
+	   
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a38_ram_block_diagram.png
+
+The Display Controller section also lies on this A38 board.
+	   
+.. Note:: On older versions of the instruments, this board was
+	  splitted in 2 (A3 and A8) and used less dense chips (thus, much more
+	  chips).
+
+
+Local Oscillator
+----------------
+
+The Local Oscillator produces digital sin and cosine signals
+(synchronized with the sample rate). The sinusoidal signal is
+generated from a table of values stored in the ROM.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a4_block_diagram.png
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a4_loc.jpg
+
+
+
+Digital Filter and Digital Filter Controller
+--------------------------------------------
+
+The Digital Filter Assembly consists in both A5 and A6. It processes
+two channels of serial data coming from the instrument front end (ADC)
+ans stores the results in global RAM. Processing consists of
+conversion from a serial format to a parallel format and, if required,
+digital filtering or zoom (a combination of frequency shifting and
+filtering). The processed data is transferred on the global data bus.
+
+.. figure:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a5_a6_block_diagram.png
+   :alt: Digital Filter Assembly block diagram
+
+   Digital Filter Assembly block diagram.
+	 
+**Digital Filter:** Each digital filter consists of a control IC and 2
+filter ICs, one for the real data and one for the imaginary data.
+   
+.. figure:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a6_zoom.png
+   :alt: Digital Filter for the zoom mode
+
+   The Digital Filters are fed with a kind of LF I/Q demodulator, used
+   for zooming or actual digital filtering.
+
+
+.. figure:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a5_filter.jpg
+   :alt: Picture of the A5 Digital Filter board
+
+   Picture of the A5 Digital Filter board.
+
+.. figure:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a5_block_diagram.png
+   :alt: Digital Filter block diagram
+
+   The A5 Digital Filter board block diagram.
+
+
+**Clock Generator:** The clock generator creates two complementary clock
+pulses from the 10.24MHz system clock.
+
+**Overload Detect:** The first 3 bits in the ADC serial data stream
+contain overrange information that must be stripped off the serial
+data.
+
+   
+.. figure:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a6_control.jpg
+   :alt: Picture of the A6 Digital Filter Control board
+
+   Picture of the A6 Digital Filter Control board.
+
+.. figure:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a6_block_diagram.png
+   :alt: Digital Filter Controller block diagram
+
+   The A6 Digital Filter Controller board block diagram.
+
+
+FPP
+---
+
+The Floating Point Processor board is a fast arithmetic unit which
+carries out real and complex arithmetic operations on blocks of data
+stored in the global RAM. The processing ALUs are six AM2903 bit-slice
+microprocessor ICs and one AM2910 microprogram
+controller. Instructions are provided to the ALUs by an address
+sequencer and seven microcode PROMs.
+
+.. figure:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a7_block_diagram.png
+   :alt: Floating Point Processor block diagram
+   :align: center
+	   
+   Floating Point Processor block diagram.
+      
+.. figure:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a7_fpp.jpg
+   :alt: Picture of the A7 FPP board 
+   :align: center
+
+   Picture of the A7 FPP board.
+	   
+This Floating Point Processor is capable of handling 16 bits integers,
+32 bits and 64 bits floats.
+
+
+FFT
+---
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a9_block_diagram.png
+
+The FFT board performs windowing, FFT and Inverse FFT directly from
+and to the RAM.
+It's built around a TMS230 microprocessor runningat 5MHz
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a9_fft.jpg
+
+
+Keyboard
+--------
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a15_block_diagram.png
+
+
+Next
+====
+
+In the `next part <{filename}hp3562a_3.rst>`_, we will describe the
+Analog Section of the instrument.
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/content/hp3562a_3.rst	Tue Jan 03 18:21:20 2017 +0100
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+==========================================
+ HP3562A Dynamic Signal Analyzer - Part 3
+==========================================
+
+:Author: David Douard
+:Category: Electronics
+:Tags: HP3562A, repair, test equipment, DSA
+:series: HP 3562A
+:series_index: 3
+
+This is the part 3 of the series about my
+`HP 3562A Digital Signal Analyzer <{filename}hp3562a.rst>`_,
+quickly describing the Analog Section of the instrument.
+
+
+Analog Section
+==============
+
+The analog section consist in 6 boards:
+
+- A30: Analog Source
+- A31: Trigger
+- A32, A34: Input ADCs
+- A33, A35: Input
+
+Analog Source
+-------------
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a30_block_diagram.png
+
+This board is mainly a DAC converting signal signal from the Digital
+Source board (for sin waves). It also generates Pseudo Random Noise
+and square waves (used for input calibration).
+
+The analog signal produced by the DAC is filtered by a 100kHz low pass
+filter, then pass throught a step attenuator (5mV per step). The way
+this is implemented is quite interesting: the analog signal from the
+main DAC is used a reference voltage for a multiplying DAC.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a30_analog_source.jpg
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a30_analog_source_dac.jpg
+
+Trigger
+-------
+
+A first section of this board produces the trigger signal (for A1
+Digital Source and A5 Digital Filter boards) from one of the 4
+possible trigger sources: external, channel 1, channel 2 and the
+calibration.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/trigger_level.png
+
+The trigger clock circuit produces the 20.48MHz clock using a
+VCXO. From this signal are derived the 10.24MHz clock used by many
+boards (A1, A4, A5, A6, A30, A32 and A34) and the 256kHz clock signal
+used as internal sample signal.
+
+When an external clock is provided, a PLL is used to lock this
+20.48MHz. The external signal can be 1, 2, 5 or the standard 10MHz.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/trigger_clock.png
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a31_trigger.jpg
+
+
+Input ADC
+---------
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a32_block_diagram.png
+
+
+The ADC board converts analog data from the input board into 13-bits
+serial data words. The Analog to Digital convertion is done in 2
+passes by a 8-bits ADC. At each digitilization step, the signal value
+is frozen by a Track and Hold circuit. This frozen value is digitized
+(with a 8-bit resolution), then the digitized value is substracted
+from the input (hold) signal and the result is multiplied then
+digitized a second time to produce the remaining 5-bits of resolution.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a32_input_adc.jpg
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a32_input_adc_bb.jpg
+
+
+Input
+-----
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp3562a_a33_block_diagram.png
+
+The input assembly implements the voltage ranges and conditions the
+input signal. It mostly consist in a pair switch attenuators (the
+input is balanced), followed by a pair of amplifier/signal
+conditionners. The balanced signal is then fed into a differential
+amplifier followed by a amplifier and an attenuator.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a33_input.jpg
+
+
+Next
+====
+
+In the `next part <{filename}hp3562a_4.rst>`_, we will describe the
+HP 1345A Digital Display used in the instrument.
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/content/hp3562a_4.rst	Tue Jan 03 18:21:20 2017 +0100
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+==========================================
+ HP3562A Dynamic Signal Analyzer - Part 4
+==========================================
+
+:Author: David Douard
+:Category: Electronics
+:Tags: HP3562A, HP1345A, repair, test equipment, DSA
+:series: HP 3562A
+:series_index: 4
+
+This is the part 4 of the series about my
+`HP 3562A Digital Signal Analyzer <{filename}hp3562a.rst>`_,
+quickly describing the HP 1345A Digital Display unit as well as
+the repair I had to do on it.
+	       
+
+Display
+=======
+
+The display unit is a HP1345A Digital Display without the option 714
+(wich adds a 4K x 16 bits Vector Memory), so it must driven by a
+dedicated display controller (which is on the A38 memory board):
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/a8_a17_display.png
+
+The unit is a 6 inch monochrome display producing true vector graphics
+with a resolution of 2048x2018 points. It can display up to 3226
+inches of vectors at 60Hz. It also embeds a character generator.
+
+It's a true vector display; vectors are drawn by moving the CRT beam
+on the screen (it's not a pixel based display).
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp1345a_raster_vector.png
+
+It can diplay:
+
+- solid lines
+- solid lines with intensified end points
+- short dashed lines
+- long dashed lines
+- dots at end points
+
+with 3 differents visible brightness levels. It also allows to specify
+4 beam velocities:
+
+- 0.13cm/µs
+- 0.25cm/µs
+- 0.38cm/µs
+- 0.51cm/µs
+
+Allowing more brightness control of the vectors.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp1345a.jpg
+
+
+If not connected with a controller, it shows a test pattern for
+adjustments.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp1345a_test_pattern.png
+
+The unit looks like:
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp1345a_side.jpg
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp1345a_side2.jpg
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp1345a_top.jpg
+
+
+Adjustment and repair
+---------------------
+
+While the instrument was apart, I wanted to see if I can recalibrate
+the display, especially try to adjust the overall brightness of the
+CRT since mine is a bit dimm (I have to set the intensity knob FCW to
+see the whole picture). I also wanted to improve a bit the focus and
+precision of the lines.
+
+So I took the display unit off the instrument, which is
+straighforward, powered it using my benchpower supplies, and began to
+read the adjustment procedure and turn the pots, when suddenly the
+display shut off.
+
+Using an ohmmeter, the diagnostic was easy: the +15v and -15v rails on
+the A1 board were short. Fortunately, the schematic is available, so I
+started to look for all decoupling capacitors (directly connected
+between a power rail and the ground). It took me a little while before
+identifing the real culprits, since the only solution to check them is
+to desolder (at least one end): A1C45 and A1C48.
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp1345a_dead_caps.jpg
+
+
+These 2 small (tantalum) caps near U3 were short. Not sure why they
+died when I powered the display unit with my power supplies, maybe I
+set them to a bit higher voltage then what the HP3562A generates.
+
+I replaced them with the closer spare I found (4.7µF tantalum caps),
+and the Display Unit was up and running again.
+
+I knows these old tantalum caps are prone to fail, and I should
+probably change them all, but I don't have enough spare for now.
+
+After that, I could resume my adjustement procedure. And indeed there
+is an adjustment that allowed me to improve noticebly the brightness
+of the screen (the Intensity Cut-Off Level). Now I can run my HP3562A
+without the intensity knob FCW.
+
+
+Brief description
+-----------------
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp1345a_block_diagram.png
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp1345a_stroke_generator.png
+
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp1345a_ramp_generator.png
+
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp1345a_vector_processor.png
+
+.. image:: {filename}images/hp3562a/hp1345a_vpc_architecture.png
+
+	   
+
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