Thu, 10 Nov 2022 20:55:51 +0100
Enable image_process pugins again
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1 | ================================================== |
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2 | Updating the Prologix USB-GPIB firmware on Linux |
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3 | ================================================== |
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4 | |
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5 | |
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6 | :author: David Douard |
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7 | :Category: Electronics |
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8 | :Tags: test equipment, GPIB, Prologix |
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9 | |
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10 | |
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11 | Prologix_ sell several low cost GPIB controllers. I have one their old |
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12 | deprecated dongle "GPIB-USB Controller 4.2" and had fun with it with |
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13 | my pygpibtoolkit_ project. |
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14 | |
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15 | It's a very simple dongle consisting in an Atmel ATMega164P |
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16 | microcontroller and a FTDI FT245FL chip for the USB<->RS232 |
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17 | convertion. |
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18 | |
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19 | .. image:: {static}/images/prologix/prologix_4.2_small.jpg |
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20 | :alt: The Prologix GPIB-USB controller. |
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21 | |
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22 | Unfortunately, it's no longer available (I find this unfortunate |
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23 | because it was really cheap, and very useful for hobbyist like me). |
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24 | |
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25 | |
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26 | Upgrading the buggy firmware |
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27 | ============================ |
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28 | |
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29 | My controller had the version 5.2 of the firmware, which really is |
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30 | buggy. For example if a device on the GPIB bus is continuously sending |
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31 | data and the controller is in "auto" mode (in which it automatically |
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32 | perform a reading of the available data), then it was impossible to |
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33 | send it commands anymore. |
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34 | |
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35 | Unfortunately, the Prologix web site only describe the product as "No |
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36 | longer in production". There is still an available FAQ_ and the `user |
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37 | manual`_, but the firmware update procedure is not described any more. |
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38 | |
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39 | However, the `directory serving all the firmwares`_ for their products |
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40 | still have the firmwares for this device. The latest published version |
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41 | is the `4.2-6.95`_ (in fact, it's the version 6.95 of the firware for |
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42 | the version 4.2 of the USB-GPIB controller). |
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43 | |
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44 | The content of this archive is: |
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45 | |
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46 | .. code-block:: bash |
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47 | |
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48 | unzip -l ~/Downloads/gpib-usb-4.2-6.95.zip |
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49 | Archive: /home/david/Downloads/gpib-usb-4.2-6.95.zip |
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50 | Length Date Time Name |
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51 | --------- ---------- ----- ---- |
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52 | 244837 2007-07-08 23:57 avrdude.conf |
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53 | 186880 2007-07-08 23:57 avrdude.exe |
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54 | 31162 2010-09-21 10:57 m16.hex |
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55 | 31542 2010-09-21 10:57 m164.hex |
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56 | 61440 2010-06-16 18:21 PxUpdate.exe |
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57 | 409 2009-01-21 11:00 readme.txt |
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58 | --------- ------- |
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59 | 556270 6 files |
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60 | |
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61 | |
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62 | Obviously, Windows stuff only, and no documentation on how to upgrade |
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63 | the device on Linux. |
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64 | |
56 | 65 | But the fact it uses avrdude_ is good sign it might be possible to find solutions |
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66 | on Linux. According the names of the hex files, it seems there have 2 |
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67 | versions of the hardware, one with a ATMega16 and one with a |
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68 | ATMega164P (mine uses a 164P). |
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69 | |
56 | 70 | Now, the question is: how is the AVR programmed? There are dozens of |
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71 | 'backends' available on avrdude. |
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72 | |
56 | 73 | Doing a ``string`` on the main exe in the archive, PxUpdate.exe, |
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74 | shows a few interesting things, especially this: |
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75 | |
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76 | .. code-block:: bash |
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77 | |
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78 | strings PxUpdate.exe | grep -i avr |
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79 | avrdude.exe -p %s -P \\.\COM%d -c avr109 -u -e -U flash:w:%s |
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80 | AVRBOOT |
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81 | |
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82 | |
56 | 83 | So we know the command line used by this firmware update tool, and we |
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84 | known it uses the AVR's bootloader as decribed in the AVR109_ |
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85 | application note. |
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86 | |
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87 | But any attempt to read the content of the flash using: |
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88 | |
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89 | .. code-block:: bash |
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90 | |
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91 | avrdude -p m164p -c avr109 -U flash:r:flash.hex:i |
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92 | |
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93 | fails stating the avr does not respond: |
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94 | |
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95 | .. code-block:: bash |
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96 | |
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97 | avrdude -P /dev/ttyUSB0 -p m164p -c avr109 -v -v -U flash:r:flash2.hex:i |
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98 | |
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99 | avrdude: Version 6.1, compiled on Sep 11 2014 at 20:00:34 |
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100 | Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Brian Dean, http://www.bdmicro.com/ |
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101 | Copyright (c) 2007-2014 Joerg Wunsch |
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102 | |
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103 | System wide configuration file is "/etc/avrdude.conf" |
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104 | User configuration file is "/home/david/.avrduderc" |
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105 | User configuration file does not exist or is not a regular file, skipping |
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106 | |
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107 | Using Port : /dev/ttyUSB0 |
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108 | Using Programmer : avr109 |
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109 | AVR Part : ATmega164P |
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110 | Chip Erase delay : 55000 us |
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111 | PAGEL : PD7 |
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112 | BS2 : PA0 |
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113 | RESET disposition : dedicated |
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114 | RETRY pulse : SCK |
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115 | serial program mode : yes |
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116 | parallel program mode : yes |
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117 | Timeout : 200 |
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118 | StabDelay : 100 |
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119 | CmdexeDelay : 25 |
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120 | SyncLoops : 32 |
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121 | ByteDelay : 0 |
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122 | PollIndex : 3 |
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123 | PollValue : 0x53 |
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124 | Memory Detail : |
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125 | |
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126 | Block Poll Page Polled |
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127 | Memory Type Mode Delay Size Indx Paged Size Size #Pages MinW MaxW ReadBack |
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128 | ----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- --------- |
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129 | eeprom 4 10 128 0 no 512 4 0 9000 9000 0xff 0xff |
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130 | flash 33 6 128 0 yes 16384 128 128 4500 4500 0xff 0xff |
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131 | lock 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 9000 9000 0x00 0x00 |
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132 | lfuse 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 9000 9000 0x00 0x00 |
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133 | hfuse 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 9000 9000 0x00 0x00 |
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134 | signature 0 0 0 0 no 3 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00 |
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135 | calibration 0 0 0 0 no 4 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00 |
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136 | |
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137 | Programmer Type : butterfly |
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138 | Description : Atmel AppNote AVR109 Boot Loader |
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139 | |
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140 | Connecting to programmer: .avrdude: ser_recv(): programmer is not responding |
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141 | avrdude: butterfly_recv(): programmer is not responding |
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142 | |
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143 | |
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144 | So there is something else required to put the device under firmware |
56 | 145 | upgrade state. I was wondering if there is an undocumented controller |
146 | command (anything starting with ``++`` is interpreted as a controller | |
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147 | command), so I searched for the ``++`` string in ``PxUpdate.exe``: |
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148 | |
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149 | .. code-block:: bash |
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150 | |
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151 | strings PxUpdate.exe | grep ++ |
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152 | Microsoft Visual C++ Runtime Library |
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153 | ++rst |
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154 | |
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155 | No magic undocumented command, but a reset of the controller is |
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156 | performed by this tool. Let's try this: |
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157 | |
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158 | .. code-block:: bash |
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159 | |
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160 | stty -F /dev/ttyUSB0 speed 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb |
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161 | echo -en '++rst\r' > /dev/ttyUSB0; avrdude -P /dev/ttyUSB0 -p m164p -c avr109 -v -v -U flash:r:flash2.hex:i |
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162 | avrdude: Version 6.1, compiled on Sep 11 2014 at 20:00:34 |
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163 | Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Brian Dean, http://www.bdmicro.com/ |
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164 | Copyright (c) 2007-2014 Joerg Wunsch |
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165 | |
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166 | System wide configuration file is "/etc/avrdude.conf" |
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167 | User configuration file is "/home/david/.avrduderc" |
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168 | User configuration file does not exist or is not a regular file, skipping |
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169 | |
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170 | Using Port : /dev/ttyUSB0 |
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171 | Using Programmer : avr109 |
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172 | AVR Part : ATmega164P |
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173 | Chip Erase delay : 55000 us |
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174 | PAGEL : PD7 |
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175 | BS2 : PA0 |
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176 | RESET disposition : dedicated |
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177 | RETRY pulse : SCK |
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178 | serial program mode : yes |
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179 | |
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180 | parallel program mode : yes |
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181 | Timeout : 200 |
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182 | StabDelay : 100 |
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183 | CmdexeDelay : 25 |
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184 | SyncLoops : 32 |
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185 | ByteDelay : 0 |
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186 | PollIndex : 3 |
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187 | PollValue : 0x53 |
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188 | Memory Detail : |
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189 | |
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190 | Block Poll Page Polled |
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191 | Memory Type Mode Delay Size Indx Paged Size Size #Pages MinW MaxW ReadBack |
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192 | ----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- --------- |
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193 | eeprom 4 10 128 0 no 512 4 0 9000 9000 0xff 0xff |
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194 | flash 33 6 128 0 yes 16384 128 128 4500 4500 0xff 0xff |
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195 | lock 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 9000 9000 0x00 0x00 |
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196 | lfuse 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 9000 9000 0x00 0x00 |
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197 | hfuse 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 9000 9000 0x00 0x00 |
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198 | signature 0 0 0 0 no 3 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00 |
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199 | calibration 0 0 0 0 no 4 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00 |
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200 | |
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201 | Programmer Type : butterfly |
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202 | Description : Atmel AppNote AVR109 Boot Loader |
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203 | |
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204 | Connecting to programmer: . |
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205 | Found programmer: Id = "AVRBOOT"; type = S |
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206 | Software Version = 1.0; Hardware Version = 1.0 |
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207 | Programmer supports auto addr increment. |
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208 | Programmer supports buffered memory access with buffersize=128 bytes. |
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209 | |
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210 | Programmer supports the following devices: |
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211 | Device code: 0x76 |
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212 | |
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213 | avrdude: devcode selected: 0x76 |
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214 | avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions |
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215 | |
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216 | Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s |
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217 | |
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218 | avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e940a |
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219 | avrdude: safemode: Fuse reading not support by programmer. |
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220 | Safemode disabled. |
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221 | avrdude: reading flash memory: |
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222 | |
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223 | Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.26s |
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224 | |
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225 | avrdude: writing output file "flash2.hex" |
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226 | |
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227 | avrdude done. Thank you. |
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228 | |
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229 | **Much better!** |
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230 | |
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231 | Now I can upgrade the firmware: |
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232 | |
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233 | .. code-block:: bash |
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234 | |
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235 | echo -en '++rst\r' > /dev/ttyUSB0; avrdude -P /dev/ttyUSB0 -p m164p -c avr109 -v -v -U flash:w:m164.hex |
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237 | Et voilĂ ! The Prologix GPIB-USB interface is upgraded to the latest |
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238 | available software. From what I've seen so far, it seems more stable |
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239 | (at least I can read data from my HP5442A and HP3456A in "fast" mode |
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240 | without loosing my GPIB controller.) |
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241 | |
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242 | |
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243 | .. _`4.2-6.95`: http://prologix.biz/downloads/gpib-usb-4.2-6.95.zip |
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244 | .. _Prologix: http://prologix.biz/ |
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245 | .. _FAQ: http://prologix.biz/gpib-usb-4.2-faq.html |
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246 | .. _`user manual`: http://prologix.biz/downloads/PrologixGpibUsbManual-4.2.pdf |
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247 | .. _pygpibtoolkit: https://hg.sr.ht/~douardda/pygpibtoolkit |
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248 | .. _`directory serving all the firmwares`: http://prologix.biz/downloads/ |
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249 | .. _avrdude: http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/avrdude/ |
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250 | .. _avr109: http://www.atmel.com/Images/doc1644.pdf |